Safety appliance for ships.



A. S. TERHAAR.

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR-SHIPS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- 30. 1916.

1,227,093. Patented May 22, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

- WITNESSES: j/VVE/VTOR.

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A. S. TERHAAR. SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR SHIPS. APPLICATION man MAR. 30, 1916- 1,227,093. Patented May 22,1917.

3 SHEET SSHEET 2.

KN INVENTORV Aloyszus. Terhau r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALOYSI'US SQIERHAAR, or SAN'DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR SHIPS.

To all whom it may concern "Be it known that I, 'ALoYsrUs S 'TERHAAR, a citizen'of the'UnitedfStates, residing in the cityfof San Diego, in the county of San Diego and State .of California,have invented a new and usefulsafety Appliance for Ships, of which thefollowing is a specification. 4

' My invention relates to safety devices for ship'sfwhereby the bowf of; the "ship may be suddenly turned independently of the rudder, or forward drivingf propellers, "so as to avoid collision, c My objectsare to .provide' such a device capableofbeing mounted in the keel of a ship adapted for its reception, that may be governed'by the pilot, whereby the ship may beturned abruptly to the right or left on completely around so 'asto avoid collision in a fog, where Objects cannot be discerned at any considerable distance or in a channel where plenty ofroo-m is not available; that will assist inv docking aship by driving the bow sidewise'; that will; assist in'holding the course at sea in a storm, by driving the bow against the wind; that will enable a ship to come in close on the windward side of a wreck in: rescue work and by driving the bow'away from theiwreck, prevent its being blown on 'the wrecked ship that, will enable a ship to veer sharply when a submerged obstacle is encountered; that, will enablea ship to continue'her tripjinth'e event'that' c the rudderbecomes disabled; to provide wais mounted; togprovide 'saidbeams, of suchter tight bearings in'said 'devicertoprov'idea transmission operated from the inside of the ship, that; shall ibeincase'd in beams which'c'arry a fshaftfu'pon which. a propeller shape "that the, resistance of the water shall be reducedto the minimum ,1 and in general to provide a simple easily operated; device of such simplicity that the liability-ofgetting out ofworkin'g order isjreduced'to the minimum. Other objects will appear as the de scriptionpro-gresses The preferred form of'the invention is illustrated the-accompanying drawings which are for illustrative purposes and are thereforefnot drawn to scale; it being under; stood that I donot confine myselftothe particularlembodiment herein shown but to that within the scope of what. hereinafter is claimed;diverschanges in the form sizeand the thirnble 9, the

riveted t'olt'he drunrlO and the bolt sealed watertigl1t; thedrum 10 mounted the part ofFi'g. 1 cut out bythe lineA-B, f 65 drawnto an enlarged scaleyFig. 3 a plan view of Fig; 2 on the line G-D of Fig.2; Fig. 4: a vertical cross section on the line E-Fof Fig, 2; Fig. 5 a plan view of the mechanism removed from the tube 10, drawn to an'enlargedscale, one of the beams 1 being'shown in section to disclose the manner of mounting the shaft 3 and the gears (Sand the disposition of'the oil holes 7 and S and section on the line G'H ofFig. '5 looking inthe'direction of the arrow, part of one propellerblade 13' being broken away; Fig. 7 an elevation of a cross section on the line I, J of Fig; 5 and Fig.8 an elevation of one of the beams 1 looking atthe sharp edge,

shaft 3 and the gear 6 beingremov'ed. we

Referring to Figs. 5', 6,7 and 8 in detail- 1,1 are beams, wedgeshaped cross sec v tion, having flanges "12 on the ends thereof by 'w'hich theycanbe riveted to the tube v10 as shown in Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4:; 7V and Sfare oil holes; 9, 9 arethimbles mounted water tight in saidbeains; 3 is a shaft journaled in said beams; 6, Glare gears'mounted onsaid shaft; 0, 0 are chains mounted on said gears and on gears mountedjon the drive shaft of "La-motor M disposed in the ship as shown by Figs. 2 and 3; 4, 4' are chambers. for said chains within saidibea-nis; 13 is a screw prov Patented May 22, 191?. p hpplication'filed March 30, 1916. Serial No 87,670. i

refer to like the thimble 9. Fig.6 an elevationof a cross peller ri'gidly mounted on said shaft 3; and

"W' denotes transmission wires from; the mo: -;tor M to a station on the bridgeof the ship The mechanisni is, assembled as followsr The propeller 13" is keyed on the: shaft 3 ;'the

shaftfis} thrust into the holesin r the bosses the gears 6 are slipped on theshaft and keyed *o'n the thirnbles 9 are inserted and the flangesbjolted or] otherwise secured' and brazed or' otherwise' fsealed watertight and .{the flanges 12'offthe beamsil are bolted or heads in the keel of the ship which has been previously adapted for its reception and bolted to the ship as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4-, the bolt heads being sealed water tigl' t, The drum and the part of the ship which comes next to it have holes coinciding with the chambers i and the oil holes 7 and 8; After mounting in the above manner the chains are thrust into the chamberse until they be 7 come engaged with the teeth of the gears (3 after which the shaft 3 1s revolved and therebv brin s the chainsout at the oenin 's of a c 7 I I z; the return )ortions of the: chambers. The

chains are then mounted on a motor M which 7 has been previously installed in the ship. The motor is connected with the engine room from which it receives the current and with the bridge 13 from which it is operated by the pilot. The pilot controls the device byithrowing the current on or off as the case may require, and by starting the motor forward or backward, since he has the two currents at his disposal that will run the motor either forward or backward, which is so well understood that it needs no explanation here. In use the device is operated as follows:

' lVhen a submerged obstacle is encountered onthe right hand side'of the ship, the pro peller is actuated backward by switching on the proper current and the bow is veered sharply thereby to the left. This not only moves the ship away from the obstacle but forces avolume of water through the tube 10 from left to right and, if the obstacle be movable, forces it away from the ship. If

. "the obstacle be immovable the force of the volume of rushingwater through the tube 10, strikes the obstacle and reacts on the ship and helps drive the ship away from it.

This feature of the rushing water is especially advantageous when two ships meet head on in a fog. If both ships are equipped with my device, the pilots switch the proper currents to revolve their respective motors in the proper direction and the volumes of I water which are forced through the respecagainst the dock;

ships rudder becomes disabled the device 'tive tubes 10 react on each otherand assist may be used as a steering means, bythe pilotiswi'tching theproper currents on and off as the case may require, thereby turning the bow to'the right or to the left. In turning completely around the propeller 13 is actuated in the desired direction until the turn is accomplished. In holding a course at sea in astorm the propeller 13 is actuated in the proper direction to .drive the bow against the adverse wind and thereby helps to counteract the efiect of the wind. In rescue work on the high sea the ship may be brought along side the wrecked ship on the windward side and by revolving the propeller 13 in the proper direction, the rescue ship may be kept from being blown onto the wrecked ship. It may be used to advantage on revenue cutters; on boats of the Life Saving Service and in all conditions where mobile ability and absolute control is required at all times.

Although I deem an electric motor preferable as an actuating means, yet I do not con fine myself to such means for the device may be operated by any other means producing rotary motion.

Storage batteries may be used with an electric motor and be ready for instant starting after which a signal to the engineer would notify him to cut in the current from the dynamos in the engine room.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a safety appliance for ships, of the class described, in combination; two parallel horizontally disposed beams adapted to be mounted in a tube mounted in the keel of a ship; a horizontally disposed shaft journal'ed in said beams; a propeller mounted on said shaft between said beams; and gears mounted on said shaft and disposed within said beams; for the purposes set forth.

2. In a safety appliance of the class described, in combination; two horizontally disposed beams adapted to be mounted in a tube, said tube being mounted in the keel of a ship; a propeller mounted on a shaft journaled in said beams: gears mounted on said shaft and disposed within said beams; and chains mounted upon'said gears and disposed longitudinally within said beams; for the purposes set forth. p

3.111 a safety appliance of the class described; the combination of two horizontally disposed beams mounted in a tube mounted inlthe keel of a ship transversely thereof; a horizontally disposed shaft journaled in said beams and having a propeller mounted thereon between said beams; gears mounted on said shaft within said beams; chains disposed longitudinally within said beams and mounted on said gears; for the purposes set forth.

at. A safety appliance, of the class described comprising a tube mounted transversely in the keel of a ship; two horizontally disposed beams mounted in said tube longitudinally of the ship; a propeller mounted on a shaft journaled in said beams; gears disposed within said beams and mounted 'on said shaft; chains disposed longitudinally within said beams and mounted on said gears, said chains extending into the ship 0 and being mounted on an actuating means disposed within said ship; for the purpose of turning said ships bow.

5. A safety appliance for ships, comprising a tube mounted transversely in the keel of a ship; two horizontally disposed wedge beams having their ends secured to the sides of said tube and having longitudinally'disposed chambers therein adapted to receive chains; gears, mounted on a horizontally disposed shaft within said-beams; chains disposed within said chambers and mounted on said gears, said chains'being connected coplel or this patent may be obtained for with an actuating means disposed within said ship; and a propeller mounted on said 15 shaft between said beams; for the purpose of guiding said ship.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I havehereunto aflixed my signature in the presence of'two subscribing 20 witnesses. I

ALOYSIUS s. TERHAAR. Witnesses: 7

'EMMETT R. AJLLAND;

ARTHUR I. KING.

five cents each, by addressing the flommissioner of Patents. Washington, D. 0. 

